Principles And Applications of Assessment in Counseling 5th Edition by Susan – Test Bank

Multiple Choice

1. With a reliability coefficient of .81, using classical test theory we would interpret that the:​

  a.  ​amount of error variance to observed variance is 81 percent.

  b.  ​amount of true variance to observed variance is 81 percent.

  c.  ​instrument has good enough reliability.

  d.  ​instrument’s validity coefficient would be 0.81².

ANSWER:   b

2. If we interpreted a reliability coefficient to indicate that 80% of the variance was true variance to observed variance, what would be the ratio of error variance to observed variance?​

  a.  ​0.20

  b.  0.40​

  c.  0.60​

  d.  ​0.80

ANSWER:   a

3. According to classical test theory, if the observed variance of a test is 50 and the true variance is 40, what is the estimated reliability of the test?​

  a.  ​0.40

  b.  0.50​

  c.  0.80​

  d.  ​0.90

ANSWER:   c

4. Systematic error (as compared to unsystematic error):​

  a.  ​significantly lowers the reliability of an instrument.

  b.  insignificantly lowers the reliability of an instrument.​

  c.  increases the reliability of an instrument.​

  d.  has no effect on the reliability of an instrument.​

ANSWER:   d

5. What statistical technique is often used to calculate an estimate of reliability?​

  a.  ​Regression

  b.  Analysis of variance​

  c.  ​Factor analysis

  d.  ​Correlation

ANSWER:   d

6. A correlation coefficient is an indicator of:​

  a.  ​the validity of an assessment.

  b.  ​the variability of the obtained scores.

  c.  ​the relationship between two sets of data.

  d.  ​the fluctuation of an individual’s score over time.

ANSWER:   c

7. Correlation coefficients range from:​

  a.  ​-1.0 to 1.0.

  b.  0 to 1.0.​

  c.  0 to -1.0.​

  d.  -5.0 to 5.0.​

ANSWER:   a

8. When calculating correlations, the most common method used is the:​

  a.  ​Pearson-Product Moment Correlation Coefficient.

  b.  Correlation Coefficient of Most Common Factors.​

  c.  Reliability Coefficient of Correlation.​

  d.  Reliability Correlation Coefficient.​

ANSWER:   d

9. The statistic that represents the percentage of shared variance between two variables is the:​

  a.  ​correlation coefficient.

  b.  reliability correlation.​

  c.  ​coefficient of determination.

  d.  ​coefficient of shared variance.

ANSWER:   d

10. For which of the following tests would a test-retest reliability estimate be least appropriate?​

  a.  ​Intelligence tests

  b.  Tests of  moment-to-moment mood changes​

  c.  ​Academic achievement tests

  d.  ​Instruments to measure art aptitude

ANSWER:   b

11. Which of the following is NOT one of the assumptions that should be met when establishing the reliability of an instrument using the test-retest method?​

  a.  ​Test-retest reliability is only valid when measuring situational traits

  b.  The characteristic or trait measured should be stable over time​

  c.  ​There should be no differential in practice effect

  d.  ​There should be no differential in learning between the test and retest

ANSWER:   a

12. The most significant difficulty with estimating reliability with the alternate or parallel forms procedure is​

  a.  ​calculating the correlation coefficient using two different forms.

  b.  ​the effects of remembering specific items in the second testing.

  c.  developing two sound instruments that are equivalent or parallel.​

  d.  ​finding two similar sets of test takers.

ANSWER:   c

13. The Spearman-Brown formula is used:​

  a.  ​to correct a test-retest reliability coefficient.

  b.  to correct a split-half reliability coefficient.​

  c.  when the items are all of the same difficulty level.​

  d.  ​when the items are of differing levels of difficulty.

ANSWER:   b

14. The decision to use either the Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR 20) or the Kuder-Richardson 21 (KR 21) is based on whether:​

  a.  ​the method used to determine reliability is the test-retest or the alternate form method.

  b.  correlation or regression is going to be used.​

  c.  the items measure a homogeneous or heterogeneous behavior domain.​

  d.  the item format is multiple-choice or true-false.​

ANSWER:   c