Psychology Applied to Teaching 14th Edition by Jack Snowman – Test Bank

Psychology Applied to Teaching 14th Edition by Jack Snowman – Test Bank

1. One reason that today’s preschool teachers don’t emphasize to their children that they must color within the lines of a coloring book (as teachers did a generation ago) is that

a. it is considered creative to color outside the lines.

b. large-muscle control is necessary for this activity.

c. preschoolers don’t like the structure of a coloring book.

d. preschoolers have problems with this type of coordination.

ANSWER: d

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Comprehension

NOTES: Small-muscle control and eye-hand coordination are not well developed at this age;

therefore, children find it difficult to color within the lines of a coloring book.

2. Four-year-old Gina was unusual among her age-mates because she was able to

a. thread a needle. b. climb a jungle gym.

c. recognize most of her letters. d. engage in rough-and-tumble play.

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Comprehension

NOTES: All options are usual activities of a typical four-year-old except option A. Since eye- hand coordination is poorly developed at this age, it is unlikely that a four-year-old child could easily thread a needle.

3. Researchers who study the play patterns of preschool and kindergarten children have noted that

a. children of this age do not really play at all because of their egocentric tendencies.

b. because of egocentrism, children of this age engage in one type of play activity over and over.

c. young children are capable of engaging in many different types of play.

d. children’s play activities should be limited since they do not make much of a contribution to children’s social, emotional, and cognitive development.

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Comprehension

NOTES: Researchers who have studied the play behaviors of preschool children have found that children experience multiple benefits from free play activities and that they engage in several different types and forms of play.

4. Which of the following statements concerning children’s play activity in preschool and kindergarten is generally supported by research?

a. Young children show little interest in play activities.

b. Free play contributes to young children’s social, emotional, and cognitive development.

c. Time devoted to free play activities should be limited since they provide no noticeable academic benefits.

d. Young children’s play activities should be structured and supervised by adults since children engage in the same type of play over and over.

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Synthesis

NOTES: Research shows that children engage in various forms and types of play, and that play activities make significant contributions to their social, emotional, and cognitive development.

5. As a kindergarten teacher, you would most likely observe which of the following play behaviors?

a. boys playing next to each other with trucks and cranes b. boys and girls playing together with trucks and cranes c. boys and girls acting out a story, using dolls

d. girls experimenting with construction toys

ANSWER: a

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Application

NOTES: By the age of five, gender differences in toy preferences are noticeable. It is unlikely that girls will be found playing with trucks and cars or that boys will be found playing with dolls.

6. A four– or five-year-old child who understands that people’s behavior is a reflection of their beliefs about the world

a. is intellectually advanced and a candidate for a gifted and talented class.

b. has begun to develop a theory of mind.

c. understands what it means to mind one’s manners.

d. is capable of abstract thinking.

ANSWER: b

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Comprehension

NOTES: Between the ages of four and five, children begin to understand that other people’s behavior is a function of how they think about things and that different people may think about the same situation differently. Psychologists refer to this capability as theory of mind.

7. When five-year-old Mikey brought his brand-new crane to preschool, which of the following most likely occurred?

a. The preschool girls wanted to learn about cranes and how they are used.

b. The other boys were not particularly interested in playing with the crane.

c. The other boys wanted to play with Mikey and were very interested in his new crane.

d. Both the boys and the girls in his class wanted to play with him because gender-based differences in toy preferences are not apparent at such young ages.

ANSWER: c

POINTS: 1

REFERENCES: 3-1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: snow.psyc.14.3.1 – Describe one or more aspects of the physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development of preschool and kindergarten children.

NATIONAL STANDARDS:  United States – INTASC 1 – Learner Development

KEYWORDS: Comprehension

NOTES: By the age of five or so, gender differences in toy preference become noticeable. It is unlikely that girls would be found playing with trucks, cranes, and other typically boy toys, and Mikey would likely find that other boys would be more willing to play with him when he selected a gender-appropriate toy.